915 – Pope John X crowned Berengar I of Italy as Holy Roman Emperor.
1676 – Battle of Lund (Scanian War): Swedish army of 8,000 defeats much larger joint Danish/Dutch force of 13,000
1775 – First official US flag raised (Grand Union Flag) aboard naval vessel USS Alfred
1799 – War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Wiesloch: Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal Anton Sztáray defeats the French at Wiesloch.
1800 – War of the Second Coalition: Battle of Hohenlinden: French General Moreau decisively defeats the Archduke John of Austria near Munich. Coupled with First ConsulNapoleon Bonaparte’s earlier victory at Marengo, this will force the Austrians to sign an armistice and end the war.
1818 – Illinois becomes the 21st U.S. state.
1854 – Battle of the Eureka Stockade: More than 20 gold miners at Ballarat, Victoria, are killed by state troopers in an uprising over mining licences.
1901 – In a State of the Union message, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt asks Congress to curb the power of trusts”within reasonable limits”.
1912 – Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, and Serbia (the Balkan League) sign an armistice with the Ottoman Empire, temporarily halting the First Balkan War. (The armistice will expire on February 3, 1913, and hostilities will resume.)
1919 – After nearly 20 years of planning and construction, including two collapses causing 89 deaths, the Quebec Bridge opens to traffic.
1920 – Following more than a month of Turkish–Armenian War, the Turkish dictated Treaty of Alexandropol is concluded.
1943 – Battle of Monte Cassino, Italy begins
1944 – Greek Civil War: Fighting breaks out in Athens between the ELAS and government forces supported by the British Army.
1948 – 1st US woman army officer not in medical corps sworn in
1959 – The current flag of Singapore is adopted, six months after Singapore became self-governing within the British Empire.
1959 – State of emergency in Cyprus ends
1964 – Free Speech Movement: Police arrest over 800 students at the University of California, Berkeley, following their takeover and sit-in at the administration building in protest of the UC Regents’ decision to forbid protests on UC property.
1970 – Lord Cornwallis took away the regulation power from Nawab Murshidabad and Sadar Nizamat was removed from Adalat in Calcutta.
1971 – Indo-Pakistani War of 1971: Pakistan launches a pre-emptive strike against India and a full-scale war begins claiming hundreds of lives.
1971 – Hostilities broke out between India and Pakistan. On the very night that hostilities commenced, with Pakistan bombing several air fields, IN Ships ‘Rajput’ and ‘Akshay’ were leaving Vishakapatnam harbour when they obtained a sonar contact. They fired several depth charges and proceeded on their mission when there was no further evidence of a submarine’s presence. Thereafter, a loud explosion of rattling windows panes off the Vishakapatnam beach was heard . The Pakistani submarine ‘Ghazi’ (a Tench class submarine obtained from the USA in 1964) had come to grief.
1971 – India recognises Bangladesh. Indian army marches into Bangladesh and joins hands with Mukti Bahini. Pakistani Army in Bangladesh surrenders to the Indian Commander.
1971 – Pakistan took the initiative of striking the airfields both in the East and the West. While the IAF carried out retaliatory air strikes in the West and shot the Pakistan Air Force (PAP) out of the skies.
1979 – Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini becomes the first Supreme Leader of Iran.
1979 – Iran accepts constitution
1982 – A soil sample is taken from Times Beach, Missouri, that will be found to contain 300 times the safe level of dioxin.
1984 – Bhopal disaster: A methyl isocyanate leak from a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal, India, kills more than 3,800 people outright and injures 150,000–600,000 others (some 6,000 of whom would later die from their injuries) in one of the worst industrial disasters in history.
1989 – Cold War: In a meeting off the coast of Malta, U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev release statements indicating that the Cold War between NATO and the Soviet Union may be coming to an end.
1992 – The Greek oil tankerAegean Sea, carrying 80,000 tonnes of crude oil, runs aground in a storm while approaching A Coruña, Spain, and spills much of its cargo.
1992 – A test engineer for Sema Group uses a personal computer to send the world’s first text message via the Vodafone network to the phone of a colleague.
1997 – In Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, representatives from 121 countries sign the Ottawa Treaty prohibiting manufacture and deployment of anti-personnel landmines. The United States, People’s Republic of China, and Russia do not sign the treaty, however.
1999 – NASA loses radio contact with the Mars Polar Lander moments before the spacecraft enters the Martian atmosphere.
2005 – XCOR Aerospace makes the first manned rocket aircraft delivery of U.S. Mail in Kern County, California.
2009 – A suicide bombing at a hotel in Mogadishu, Somalia, kills 25 people, including three ministers of the Transitional Federal Government.
2012 – At least 475 people are killed after Typhoon Bopha makes landfall in the Philippines.
2014 – The Japanese space agency, JAXA, launches the space explorer Hayabusa 2 from the Tanegashima Space Center on a six-year round trip mission to an asteroid to collect rock samples.
2015 – US Defense Secretary Ash Carter announces all combat roles in US armed forced will be opened to women