587 – Treaty of Andelot: King Guntram of Burgundy recognizes Childebert II as his heir.
936 – Shi Jingtang is enthroned as the first emperor of the Later Jin by Emperor Taizong of Liao, following a revolt against Emperor Fei of Later Tang.
1443 – Skanderbeg and his forces liberate Kruja in central Albania and raise the Albanian flag.
1470 – Champa–Đại Việt War: Emperor Lê Thánh Tông of Đại Việt formally launches his attack against Champa.
1520 – An expedition under the command of Ferdinand Magellan passes through the Strait of Magellan.
1627 – The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Navy has its greatest and last victory in the Battle of Oliwa.
1666 – At least 3,000 men of the Royal Scots Army led by Tam Dalyell of the Binns defeat about 900 Covenanter rebels in the Battle of Rullion Green.
1745 -29] French troops attack indians of Saratoga, NY
1775 – Second Continental Congress formally establishes US Navy
1785 – The Treaty of Hopewell is signed.
1821 – Panama Independence Day: Panama separates from Spain and joins Gran Colombia.
1843 – Ka Lā Hui (Hawaiian Independence Day): The Kingdom of Hawaii is officially recognized by the United Kingdom and France as an independent nation.
1862 – American Civil War: In the Battle of Cane Hill, Union troops under General James G. Blunt defeat General John Marmaduke’s Confederates.
1885 – Bulgarian victory in the Serbo-Bulgarian War preserves the Unification of Bulgaria.
1893 – Women’s suffrage in New Zealand concludes with the New Zealand general election, 1893.
1899 – The Second Boer War: a British column is engaged by Boer forces at the Battle of Modder River; although the Boers withdraw, the British suffer heavy casualties.
1908 – A mine explosion in Marianna, Pennsylvania, kills 154 men, leaving only one survivor.
1910 – The Liberal Party, led by Eleftherios Venizelos, wins the second Greek general election of the year.
1912 – Albaniadeclares its independence from the Ottoman Empire.
1914 – World War I: Following a war-induced closure in July, the New York Stock Exchange re-opens for bond trading.
1916 – 1st German air attack on London
1917 – The Estonian Provincial Assembly declares itself the sovereign power of Estonia.
1919 – Lady Astor is elected as a Member of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. She is the first woman to sit in the House of Commons. (Countess Markievicz, the first to be elected, refused to sit.)
1920 – Irish War of Independence: Kilmichael Ambush: The Irish Republican Army ambush a convoy of British Auxiliaries and kill seventeen.
1932 – France & USSR sign not-aggression treaty
1941 – German troops vacate Rostov
1942 – In Boston, Massachusetts, a fire in the Cocoanut Grove nightclub kills 492 people.
1943 – World War II: Tehran Conference: U.S. PresidentFranklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime MinisterWinston Churchill and Soviet PremierJoseph Stalin meet in Tehran, Iran, to discuss war strategy.
1944 – 1st allied ship sails into Schelde Antwerp
1951 – Military coup under Col Adib el-Shishakli in Syria
1958 – Chad, the Republic of the Congo, and Gabon become autonomous republics within the French Community.
1960 – Mauritania becomes independent of France.
1964 – Mariner program: NASA launches the Mariner 4 probe toward Mars.
1964 – Vietnam War: National Security Council members agree to recommend that U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson adopt a plan for a two-stage escalation of bombing in North Vietnam.
1965 – Vietnam War: In response to U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson’s call for “more flags” in Vietnam, Philippine President-elect Ferdinand Marcos announces he will send troops to help fight in South Vietnam.
1966 – Dominican Republic adopts constitution
1971 – Wasfi al-Tal, Prime Minister of Jordan, is assassinated by the Black September unit of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
1972 – Last executions in Paris: Claude Buffet and Roger Bontems are guillotined at La Santé Prison.
1973 – Arab League summit in Algiers recognizes Palestine
1975 – East Timor declares its independence from Portugal.
1979 – Air New Zealand Flight 901, a DC-10 sightseeing flight over Antarctica, crashes into Mount Erebus, killing all 257 people on board.
1980 – Iran–Iraq War: Operation Morvarid: The bulk of the Iraqi Navy is destroyed by the Iranian Navy in the Persian Gulf. (Commemorated in Iran as Navy Day.)
1987 – South African Airways Flight 295 crashes into the Indian Ocean, killing all 159 people on board.
1989 – Cold War: Velvet Revolution: In the face of protests, the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia announces it will give up its monopoly on political power.
1990 – Union Cabinet approves re-induction of Airbus A-320 in the domestic sector.
1991 – South Ossetia declares independence from Georgia.
1994 – Norway votes against joining European Union
2002 – Suicide bombers blow up an Israeli-owned hotel in Mombasa, Kenya; their colleagues fail in their attempt to bring down Arkia Israel Airlines Flight 582 with surface-to-air missiles.
2014 – Gunmen set off three bombs at the central mosque in the northern city of Kano killing at least 120 people.